The seminar, with Oreste Pollicino as speaker, entitled “Constitutional Courts and European Courts: Adjudication Facing Automation and Autonomous Systems,” explores how artificial intelligence and automation are progressively reshaping judicial processes, the structure of adjudication, and the constitutional role of courts, particularly with regard to the protection of fundamental rights and the principle of separation of powers. The aim is to reflect on how constitutional and European courts must confront algorithmic decision-making, automation in dispute resolution, and the emergence of AI-assisted or partially automated adjudicatory environments, taking into account both the opportunities and the risks for the rule of law and democratic legitimacy.